He was later kicked out of the Communist party and branded a fascist for querying the official line on the partisan- Ustashe conflict. In the latter part of the 1980s, when Yugoslavia was nearing its demise, torn by conflicting national aspirations, Tuđman formulated a Croatian national programme that can be summarized in the following way: On 17 June 1989, Tuđman founded the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ).
The decision to head straight for Knin, the centre of RSK, paid off and by 10 am on 5 August, on the second day of the operation, Croatian forces entered the city with minimal casualties. Tudjman also enraged Croatia's Serbs -- there were 600,000 of them, 12 percent In 1990, as a presidential candidate of the Croatian Democratic Union, Mr. Tudjman declared that the ''Independent State of Croatia'' established by the Ustase ''was not simply a Quisling creation and a fascist crime, it was also an expression of the historical aspirations of the Croatian people.'' On 20 February 1981 he was found guilty and sentenced to three years of prison and 5 years in house arrest. nationalist themes, saying at one point, "Thank God, my wife is neither a Serb In late The HDZ held its first convention on 24–25 February 1990, when Tuđman was elected its president. Tudjman's policies were rescued from disaster only by the United States, which now stepped in to broker the March 1994 Washington Agreement providing for a Croat-Bosniak federation. He held the balance between the two wings of the ruling party, forever playing one side off against the other - while also seeking to reconcile them. He was named a divisional political commissar in 1944, the year that he met his Four decades later, Franjo Tudjman contended that his parents had been killed by the Communist secret police. Croatian politicians. [62] The revolt in Knin concentrated the Croatian government on the problem of the lack of weapons.
The leadership decided against armed conflict, but gave support to the independence of Croatia and called on ethnic Albanians to desert the Yugoslav army. In 1967, he signed a petition demanding the linguistic separation of the Serbo-Croatian language, which had also been a project of the Ustase.
Mate Granić was the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1993 until the end of the Tuđman administration.
It was during his time in Belgrade that Tudjman became a nationalist. Pres Franjo Tudjman, onetime Communist general who led Croatia in 1991 into secession from Yugoslavia, and from there to independence and war, dies at age 77; no cause of death … ''In the Croatian media, his cult is much bigger than Tito ever had,'' said Mihajlo Mihajlov, a Yugoslav scholar who shared dissident platforms with Mr. Tudjman in the 80's. of the population -- by ramming through a Constitution in 1990 that proclaimed independence, declared in the summer of 1991, also greatly helped Tudjman. Ciliga claimed Jews had held a privileged position in Jasenovac and actually, as Tuđman concludes, "held in their hands the inmates management of the camp up to 1944 [because] in its origins Pavelić's party was philo-Semitic". According to Tuđman he wanted to create a club that would have a pan-Yugoslav image and oppose the Red Star that had an exclusive Serbian image. Mr. Tudjman also enraged Croatia's Serbs -- there were 600,000 of them, 12 percent of the population -- by ramming through a Constitution in 1990 that proclaimed Croatia ''the national state of the Croatian nation.''
Tuđman was one of the signatories of it, along with the leaderships of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia, that ended the Bosnian War. [21] Tuđman never clarified the circumstances of their death. [85] In April 1992, Washington recognised Croatia, Slovenia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina simultaneously.
the last enclaves controlled by Serbs in Croatia who had rebelled against his Later, as storms gathered in the Communist Party around his increasingly
Throughout World War II, Croatia was dominated by the nationalist Ustase Germany's promise of early recognition of Croatia's independence, declared in the summer of 1991, also greatly helped Mr. Tudjman. [clarification needed] The Croatian Parliament and League of Communists of Croatia from Zagreb, however, attacked it and the board of the institute requested Tuđman's resignation.
[115] Unemployment increased from around 10% in 1996 and 1997 to 11,4% in 1998. A ceasefire was signed in 1992, but the war had spread into Bosnia and Herzegovina, where Croats fought in an alliance with Bosniaks. During four years of military setbacks and what seemed like political bungling until 1995, Tudjman presided over two disastrous wars. [100], Over time, the relations between Croats and Bosniaks worsened, resulting in the Croat–Bosniak War. Harassment of the independent media, subordination of the judiciary, toleration of lawlessness by supporters of the regime, human- rights abuses above all against Serbs who remained in liberated parts of Croatia - all these were characteristic of Tudjman's rule. In 1996 a large demonstration was held in Zagreb in response to revoking broadcasting license to Radio 101, a radio station that was critical towards the ruling party.
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