brown fur seal

Research by environmental groups disputes this. The brown fur seal belongs to a large seal species from Australia and South Africa. Females within a male’s territory can be considered part of his harem. The African subspecies can dive as deep as 204 m and for as long as 7.5 minutes. Brown fur seals are still harvested in Namibia. The hind flippers are short relative to the large body, with short, fleshy tips on the digits. The brown fur seal's main predator is the great white shark, although they are also preyed upon by various other animals, such as killer whales and vagrant southern elephant seals. Pups are weaned around the age of 12 months, and sexual maturity is reached at 3 - 6 years of age. It has a large and broad head with a pointed snout that may be flat or turned up slightly. Foraging trips last about seven days in winter and about four days in summer and autumn. These vocalizations have been shown to contain individually unique properties important for enabling individual recognition. Colonies of South African fur seals range in number between 500 and 3,000 bulls, and the size of Australian fur seal colonies ranges from 500-1,500 animals. Observers concluded that the seal likely killed the sharks to eat the fish rich contents of their stomachs as well as their livers as a source of energy. According to the IUCN Red List, the total number of brown fur seals is 2,120,000 individuals, being 2,000,000 Cape fur seals and 120,000 Australian fur seals. [6] Also eaten are other crustaceans, cephalopods and sometimes birds. [4] Males of the Australian subspecies (A. p. doriferus) are 2.0–2.2 m (6.6–7.2 ft) in length and weigh 190–280 kg (420–620 lb). However, males do not herd the females, which are free to choose their mates and judge them based on the value of their territories. Brown fur seals begin to breed in the middle of October, when males haul out on shore to establish territories though display, vocalisations, sparring, and sometimes actual combat [1]. [4], Adult male brown fur seals are dark gray to brown, with a darker mane of short, coarse hairs and a light belly, while adult females are light brown to gray, with a light throat and darker back and belly. [2] They have external ear flaps (pinnae) and their whiskers (vibrissae) are long, and may extend backward past the pinnae, especially in adult males. [7], After mating, females begin alternating brief periods of foraging at sea with several days ashore nursing their pups. They will fast at this time and not eat until after mating in November or December. [2] Foraging trips last about 7 days in winter and about 4 days in summer and autumn. [15][16], Brown fur seals often gather into colonies on rookeries in numbers ranging from 500–1500, at least for the Australian subspecies. In males, increases in testosterone and calling rates are seen in conjunction with the onset of the breeding season. It has a large and broad head with a pointed snout that may be flat or turned up slightly. Schliemann, H. 1990. You could also do it yourself at any point in time. The Southern African subspecies is on average slightly larger than the Australian subspecies. This species is an inquisitive and friendly animal when in the water, and often accompanies scuba divers. [citation needed] The Australian fur seal mostly eats squid, octopus, fish, and lobsters. The Southern African subspecies is on average slightly larger than the Australian subspecies. In False Bay, the seals employ a number of antipredatory strategies while in shark-infested waters, such as: Australian fur seals are social animals that use vocalizations in a broad range of contexts. The foreflippers are covered with sparse hair over about three-quarters of their length. The front flippers of the fur seal are dark brown to black. Riedman, M. 1990. "Dive behaviour, foraging location... preview & related info", "Vagrant elephant seal predation on Cape fur seal pups, Plettenberg Bay, South Africa", Anti-Predatory Strategies of Cape Fur Seals at Seal Island, "Individual variation in the pup attraction call produced by female Australian fur seals during early lactation", "Species-specific characteristics and individual variation of the Bark Call produced by male Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus)", "Aggressive fur seals attacking rare birds, pelicans and fishing nets, SA fishermen warn", Photos of brown fur seals at Cape Cross, Namibia – photographs and information, Pictures of fur seals at Geyser Rock, South Africa on jostimages.com, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brown_fur_seal&oldid=960860046, Taxa named by Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Distribution of the brown fur seal, dark blue: breeding colonies; light blue: nonbreeding individuals, Swimming in large groups and harassing sharks in the vicinity, Low porpoising to increase subsurface vigilance, Darting in different directions to cause confusion when attacked, Using their greater agility to stay out of reach, Riding near the dorsal fin to keep out of reach of the shark's jaws when attacked, This page was last edited on 5 June 2020, at 08:52.

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